After noticing your inability to conceive, both of you (couples of the opposite sexes) decide to see an expert at the best IVF clinic in Bangalore or your locality. After interacting with you and conducting physical examinations, the doctor recommends a few tests to you. Semen analysis is one of those tests you, your partner, or both of you need to have.
Usually, semen analysis is recommended to examine the health of a male’s semen and sperm ejaculated through the penis during sexual intercourse. The test results show semen and sperm health in different measures or categories. As per the same, the following are the 9 types or measures of semen:
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Normozoospermia
It refers to a normal semen analysis report. In such a report, everything is normal. Normal ranges of semen analysis are as follows:
- Semen volume – 1.4 to 1.7 ml
- Sperm count – 33 to 46 million
- Sperm concentration – 12 to 16 million per ml
- Total sperm motility – 38 to 42%
- Vitality – 55 to 63%
- Progressive motility – 31 to 34%
- Sperm morphology – 3 to 4%
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Aspermia
Aspermia is a male reproductive health issue when a male is unable to ejaculate or has no sperm. In this condition, you may have orgasm while having physical intimacy with your partner. However, you do not ejaculate any fluid through your penis. Some probable causes of aspermia are as follows:
- Retrograde ejaculation
- Congenital abnormalities of the reproductive tract
- Hormonal imbalance
- Severe sexual dysfunction
- Post-testicular cancer treatment
Your fertility has bad effects of aspermia. Fertility treatment options like IVF with ICSI can help you become a father of a child. Further, you can opt for a donor sperm program at a fertility clinic.
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Hypospermia
It occurs when semen volume is less than 1.5 millilitres of fluid ejaculated through the penis. Causes of hypospermia are similar to the ones of aspermia.
Suggest to Read:- What Causes Swollen Feet During Pregnancy
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Azoospermia
It is a male reproductive health issue when sperm count is 0 in the semen ejaculated through the penis. Medical experts call it having no sperm count. Your semen may be normal. Only semen analysis can help you detect it. You are prone to azoospermia if you have:
- Genetic disorders
- Congenital abnormalities
- Obstruction in your seminal tracts
- Untreated STIs
- Post-testicular cancer treatment
In a rare condition, your hormonal imbalances, mumps, or extreme sexual dysfunction may lead you to have azoospermia.
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Oligozoospermia
Your semen analysis report has this term when your semen has lower than normal sperm count. This condition may be categorised as mild, moderate, severe, or extreme. Extreme oligozoospermia is cryptozoospermia. Your low sperm count can lead you to have other sperm issues related to sperm shape and motility. Probable causes of low sperm count are as follows:
- Genetic disorders
- Hormonal imbalances
- Certain medications
- Prior cancer treatment
- Celiac diseases, untreated diabetes, obesity, etc.
- Reproductive tract abnormalities and infections
- Presence of a varicocele
Apart from the above, lifestyle choices and work conditions cause low sperm count. It is a common cause of subfertility in males. With medical interventions like IVF and IUI, you can father a child even having a lower sperm count.
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Asthenozoospermia
It refers to a male reproductive health issue when the maximum number of sperm has abnormal motility. Normal sperm moves in a straight line while sperm with poor motility moves in an infinite direction that is not a large circle or a straight line.
Poor sperm motility is normal for a male with low sperm count. Many things causing low sperm count can lead you to have asthenozoospermia. Its probable causes are:
- Toxin exposure
- Too much alcohol consumption
- Poor nutrition
- Illness
- Smoking
- Illicit drugs
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Teratozoospermia
In this male reproductive health condition, the maximum number of your sperm has abnormal or poor shape. Sperm morphology means the shape of your sperm. Normal sperm has a long tail with an oval head. Your abnormal sperm might have more than one head/tail and odd shape.
Due to its poor shape, your sperm can’t move smoothly inside your female partner’s vagina, fallopian tubes, and uterus. Abnormal sperm shape might lead you to have low sperm count and poor sperm motility.
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Ologoastenoteratozoospermia (OAT)
OAT indicates a male reproductive health condition when you have abnormal sperm in terms of number, shape, count, and motility. It is one of the most common causes of male infertility. Based on its severity level (mild, moderate, and severe), your doctor will advise you on the most effective treatment option and help you become a father after making your female partner pregnant.
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Necrozoospermia
Your semen analysis reports state necrozoospermia when all of the sperm in your semen is dead. It is a very different type of male infertility. At present, its causes and treatment options are not available.
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Leukocytospermia
Also acknowledged as pyospermia, it refers to a male reproductive health condition in which you have a high number of white blood cells in your semen. Your sperm may not be abnormal. However, your semen will be abnormal if leukocytospermia occurs to you. Due to the presence of white blood cells in your semen can make you have sperm damage. And as a result, you might have infertility
Conclusion
Generally, as per the volume & concentration of semen and sperm health, your semen with sperm is classified or categorised into several different types/categories. Having an idea about all of them can make you read your semen analysis reports yourself and know the cause at your end.
